I. T. O.
See Jewish Territorial Organization
I Corps,
89.304, 308
Iacuzzi, Alfred,
John Adams, Scholar, rev.,
77.490–491
Iamblichus,
79.426
Iams, James L.,
104.223
n
Ibbotson & Queen (firm),
82.144
Iberia, Phila. opens trade with,
91.412
Iberville, Lemoyne d', biography of, rev.,
79.238–240
Ibison, Margaret,
99.374
Ibison, Robert,
99.374
Ibo.
See Igbo
Icahn, Carl,
113.632–633
Ice,
79.367,
94.501
cut from Delaware R., 101.31
getting in, 89.333
on rivers, 98.150
shipped to West Indies, 82.215
Ice boats, on Delaware R.,
103.500
Ice cream,
79.366
superiority of, in Phila., 93.55
Ice cream parlors,
93.33
Ice cream "saloon,"
89.345
Ice house(s),
89.79,
103.228, 365
Ice skating,
77.83,
85.188
on Delaware River, 82.139r (facing), 151–152, 160, 86.72
in London (1754), 86.254
on the Schuylkill River, 86.339r
Ice water, fountain for,
79.370
Iceboxes,
82.215
Ice-breaker, steam, for Delaware River,
86.163
Ichsua (Olean, N. Y.),
76.436
Ickes, Harold,
83.329, 342,
101.117, 120,
118.364, 365, 370, 380, 391, 392,
119.349–350
comment on Boake Carter, 97.288, 309
conflict with Mayor J. H. Moore, 97.230, 231
marriage of, 97.311
Pinchot and, 88.42, 45–48 passim, 50
Iconography,
77.49, 53
books on, 112.282, 284, 116.121–124
"Ida M. Tarbell and the Ambiguities of Feminism," by Stinson,
101.217–239
The Idea of a Party System: The Rise of Legitimate Opposition in the United States, 1780–1840, by Hofstadter, rev.,
94.249–250
The Idea of a Southern Nation...1830–1860, by McCardell, rev.,
104.265–266
The Idea of National Interest, by Beard,
94.183
Ideological motivation, of soldiers in the Civil War,
122.426–427
The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution, by Bailyn, rev.,
92.112–113
Ideology
as basis of U. S. Constitution, book on, 113.295–297
of Boston industrial elite, book on, 113.497–498
in high school American history textbooks, 112.259–262
Idler, Jacob,
94.51
n
Idzerda, Stanley J., ed.,
Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution, vol. 2, rev.,
104.388–389
Ifft, Richard A.,
110.583
Igbo, land and people,
112.435–440, 447–448
Ihlder, John,
101.115, 116
Ilgenfritz, George,
116.307, 309–310
Ilisevich, Robert D.
Galusha A. Grow: The People's Candidate, rev., 114.312–313
"Henry Baldwin and Andrew Jackson: A Political Relationship in Trust?", 120.37–60
Ill Feeling in the Era of Good Feeling. Western Pennsylvania Political Battles, 1815–1825, by Kehl, rev.,
81.104–105
Illegal inns, women's crime in eighteenth-century Pennsylvania,
109.340, 346–362
Illegitimate births, "Babies in the Well: An Underground Insight into Deviant Behavior in Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia," by Sharon Ann Burnston,
106.151–186
Illick, Joseph E.
book revs. by, 87.91–92, 91.471–472, 92.516–517, 94.396, 97.256–257, 100.421–422, 101.133–135, 110.602–608, 123.382–383
Colonial Pennsylvania, A History, rev., 100.563–564
ed., Empire, Society, and Labor: Essays in Honor of Richard S. Dunn, with Canny, Nash, and Pencak, rev., 122.298–299
At Liberty: The Story of a Community and a Generation: The Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, High School Class of 1952, rev., 115.152–153
"The Pennsylvania Grant: A Re-evaluation," 86.375–396
William Penn the Politician, His Relations with the English Government, rev., 90.387–388
and Wm. Penn Papers, 93.6, 7
"The Writing of Colonial Pennsylvania History," 94.3–25
Illig, Dr. Augustus,
101.198
Illinois
coal from, 83.424, 425
coal miners strike in, 88.252, 291
Millerites in, 78.190
and Republican presidential nomination (1860), 82.100–101, 103, 104
Woodward Wilson defeated in primary in, 84.191
Illinois, Munn v.,
105.123
Illinois and Michigan Canal,
83.425,
85.304
Illinois Central Railroad,
80.440
n
and coal-burning locomotives, 94.494
guide to archives of, book rev., 76.488
Illinois Company,
85.40, 47
Illinois country,
85.39,
93.170, 171
Indian trade in, 101.173, 175, 177
Yorke-Camden opinion (1773) and, 85.40, 41–42, 44, 47, 48n, 49
Illins, Charles,
98.498, 500
Illiteracy
in criminals, 104.413–414
rise of in Pa., 102.74
Ill-Starred General: Braddock of the Coldstream Guards, by McCardell, rev.,
82.479–480
Illuminati,
79.298
Illuminati, Order of, in New England,
100.3–36
Illuminati Society,
94.209, 210
Illumination(s),
79.367,
87.81, 443,
95.37
in Phila. (1847), 86.59–60
for Washington's Birthday, 97.506
Illustrated Book of Christian Ballads, 82.149
Illustrated History of U. S. Commemorative Coinage, by Taxay, rev.,
91.504–505
Illustration
in nineteenth-century publishing, book on, 113.475–477
Howard Pyle, as teacher of, 80.339–370
Howard Pyle's principles of, 80.358, 363, 367, 368, 369–370
significance of, 80.343, 358, 369–370
Illustrators,
93.268–269.
See also Lithographers/Lithography;
Views
of early Amer. books, rev., 83.237–238
Augustus Kollner as, 84.325, 326, 331, 335–336, 339, 350, 351
Image making, presidential, book on,
117.348–350
Images of American Living. Four Centuries of Architecture and Furniture as Cultural Expression, by Gowans, rev.,
89.515–517
"Imagined community," nationalism and,
123.278, 298
Imble, Jacob,
96.349
Imitation, technology, and reality, book on,
114.464–466
Imlay, Gilbert,
105.108
Imlay, John,
84.38, 39
Immaculata College,
83.68–69
Immell, Barbara,
80.65, 66
Immerman, Richard.
See Ambrose, Stephen E.
"The Immigrant," by Jos. Sill,
94.322
"An Immigrant Family and Industrial Enterprise: Sevill Schofield and the Philadelphia Textile Manufacture, 1845–1900," by Philip Scranton,
106.365–392
Immigrant population breakdown, Sackville, Chester and Clifton Heights, Pa.,
114.524
The Immigrant Takes His Stand. The Norwegian-American Press and Public Affairs, 1847–1872, by Andersen, rev.,
78.134–135
Immigrants.
See also German immigrants;
Irish in America;
Italian immigrants;
Swedish immigrants;
Welsh in America
assimilation of,
123.130–131
book on,
112.655–656
in church and community, book on,
112.460–462
in the Civil War, book on,
115.365–366
in coal mines,
83.312
in correspondence training courses,
120.357
cultures of, theme at Colonial Williamsburg,
123.393
defect from Republican Party,
88.43
disparagement of, in the Poconos,
115.490–491
"The French Element in Pennsylvania in the 1790s, the Francophone Immigrants' Impact," by Catherine A. Hebert,
108.451–469
"Guarding Against Alien Impurities: The Philadelphia Lazaretto 1854–1893," by Edward T. Morman,
108.131–151
in high school American history textbooks,
112.256, 268–269
historiography of,
86.291–293, 314–315, 317
n
industrial disaster and, book on,
113.135–137
"The Irish Relations: Trials of an Immigrant Tradition," by Dennis Clark, rev.,
106.579–581
labor and, book on,
112.291–292
laborers,
88.251, 275, 288, 291
book on, 113.122–123
in coal, iron, and steel, book on, 117.121–123
at Homestead, 117.353–354
literacy tests for,
86.305–306
make efforts to conform,
87.125, 126
in N. Y.,
88.253–254, 256
in Phila.,
87.3–4, 4
n
problems of, in Pa.,
102.59–92
radical, in the early republic, book on,
122.136–137
"Reform, Renewal, and Vindication: Irish Immigrants and the Catholic Total Abstinence Movement in Antebellum Philadelphia," by Edith Jeffrey,
112.407–431
reformed Catholics,
112.380
schools for,
97.188
Immigrants in Industrial America, 1850–1920, ed. by Ehrlich, rev.,
102.524–525
Immigration,
81.283,
82.66, 79,
104.65.
See also Emigration;
Finns;
Foreigners;
German immigration;
Irish;
Irish immigration;
Jews;
Poles;
Scots;
Ukrainians
and African Americans, in Phila.,
82.267
to Amer.,
91.186–187
and anti-Popery,
105.292, 294, 296, 301
of blacks and "Mother" Bethel church,
113.70–76
book on,
114.318–320
of British,
79.167, 193
and Amer. labor, book rev., 82.355–356
book on, 111.385–387
of criminals,
84.157
in Cumberland County,
114.352–353
to Del. Valley,
100.161
of East Europeans (book),
111.413–415
effect of, on colonial churches,
95.210
European, and Amer. industry, book rev.,
82.248–250
"The Flow and Composition of German Immigration to Philadelphia, 1727–1775," by Marianne Wokeck,
105.249–278
Franklin's views on,
111.441, 451
of French to Amer.,
91.284,
104.491–507
frontier penetration of,
114.282–284
of Germans,
111.27–48
colonial, book on, 119.153–155
to colonial Lancaster County, 114.351–353
culture and brewing, 113.368
to Lancaster, Pa., 96.354
to Phila., 91.405–407
religious and ethnic interpretations of Pennsylvania history, 122.39–76
and the Great Awakening,
95.219
impact in Federal period,
122.214
of Irish,
78.362
in 1840s, 95.99
books on, 111.141–143, 587–588
of Italians
book on, 123.258–259
to Phila., 90.445–465
upward mobility, 119.141–142
of Jews
books on, 113.506–507, 118.269–272
colonies in New Jersey, book on, 120.395–396
and Know Nothing Party in Pennsylvania,
113.349–350, 371
labor organizing and,
119.262
local political impact of,
113.46, 64
nativism and nineteenth century politics,
110.523–529
new immigration and Colonial Revival,
114.55–56
to Ohio,
93.173
of Pa. Germans,
76.401–402, 403
n
and paternalistic industry,
114.499–500
perils of,
118.303–328
Philadelphia as port of entry,
115.117
of Polish, book on,
113.133–135
as a political issue,
111.167–168, 174
Quota Acts,
117.258, 267
railroads compete for traffic of,
95.82
redemptioner systems for,
118.304–305, 309, 314, 317–318, 319, 320
remittance system for,
118.320
from Restoration England to North America,
123.227–233
of Scotch-Irish, to Pa.,
81.132–133
statues on,
98.82, 83
study of, by Jones, rev.,
85.251–252
and urban revitalization,
116.416
voting activity,
117.255–258
Immigration and American History. Essays in Honor of Theodore C. Blegen, ed. by Commager, rev.,
86.107–109
Immigration and Naturalization Service,
115.553–554, 570
Immigration Commission, U. S.,
86.305
Immigration history
book on, 117.225–227
Federal Writers' Project, book on, 116.111–113
of New York, book on, 116.387–389
Immigration Restriction League,
91.187
"The Impact of British Western Policy on the Coming of the American Revolution...," by Robert F. Oaks,
101.171–189
Impartiality Proclamation (1793),
120.321, 323–324, 335, 340–341, 342
Impeachment
of Robert W. Archbald, 101.506–520
of Francis Hopkinson, 79.48–49
of Pres. Johnson, opinions about, 89.467
of Gov. Thomas McKean, 102.224
presidential, 123.120–121
The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson, by Dewitt, rev.,
92.403–404
Impeachment in America, 1635–1805, by Hoffer and Hull, rev.,
110.293–295
Impeachment of a President: Andrew Johnson, the Blacks, and Reconstruction, by Trefousse, rev.,
101.539–540
The Impending Crisis, by Helper,
89.465,
103.198
An Imperfect Union: Slavery, Federalism and Comity, by Finkelman, rev.,
106.138–141
Imperial Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia),
78.44
Imperial Democracy. The Emergence of America as a Great Power, by May, rev.,
86.236–237
Imperial Factory No. 1, Canton,
90.8
"Imperial Regulation of Colonial Paper Money, 1764–1773," by Jack M. Sosin,
88.174–198
Imperial Woolen Company,
106.389
Imperialism,
88.454,
93.185, 188
Amer., James Buchanan in, book on, 119.427–428
opposition to, 94.72
views of Chas. J. Peterson, 93.516
and Washington's Farewell Address, 94.189
Impertinent (loyalist privateer),
90.299
Implied executive powers, Supreme Court and,
120.54
Import and export taxes,
106.3–39
Imports,
79.464, 466, 467.
See also Trade and commerce
from China (1791), 79.470
of China goods, 94.100
coastal, 82.40
coffee, from Batavia, 79.479–480
duties on, 101.343
European, John Melish on, 82.77–78
from Far East, 82.41–42, 43, 45, 50
and Force Act, 92.354
from Germany (1724), 84.226
of gunpowder, from West Indies, 82.27–29
of Jas. Logan, for Indian trade, 78.171
necessary to profitable trade, 78.153, 171–172, 175
into Phila. (1720–1739), 91.401–418
from Pondicherry to U. S. (1785), 76.304
of slaves, 97.22–44
from West Indies, 82.6, 13, 17, 36, 40
Impressment,
76.84
of Amer. sailors, 82.295
Nationalist era, 107.368–369, 379
policy of, by Great Britain, 89.408
of privateer crews for Continental Navy, 79.44–45, 46
of seamen, 77.384, 400, 416
of wagons, during Amer. Rev., 81.380
Imprints on History: Book Publishers and American Frontiers, by Stern, rev.,
81.332–333
The Improper Philadelphians. A Dossier of Investigative Reporting from Philadelphia Magazine, rev.,
95.286–287
Improvement associations,
94.57
In and Out of Town, by Smith, rev.,
96.133
"In Defense of Thomas Digges," by William Bell Clark,
77.381–438
In Defense of Yesterday. James M. Beck and the Politics of Conservatism, 1861–1936, by Keller, rev.,
83.363–364
In Defiance of the Law: The Standing-Army Controversy, the Two Constitutions and the Coming of the American Revolution, by Reid, rev.,
106.129–131
In Peace and War: Interpretations of American Naval History, by Hagan, rev.,
103.272–273
In Pursuit of American History: Research and Training in the United States, by Rundell, rev.,
95.138–140
In Pursuit of Profit: The Annapolis Merchants in the Eve of the American Revolution, 1763–1805, by Papenfuse, rev.,
99.506–507
In re Jones et al
., 120.406
"In Search of Peter Stephen Du Ponceau," by William A. Tieck,
89.52–78
In the Common Cause: American Response to the Coercive Acts of 1774, by Ammerman, rev.,
99.251–252
In the Days of McKinley, by Leech, rev.,
85.244–246
In the Eyes of the Law: Women, Marriage, and Property in Nineteenth-Century New York, by Basch, rev.,
107.321–323
In the Heart of Pennsylvania, 19th and 20th Century Quiltmaking Traditions, by Lasansky, rev.,
110.305–307
In the Midst of a Revolution, by Hawke, rev.,
86.216,
94.22
In This Academy: The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, by Goodyear, rev.,
101.407–409
Inasmuch Mission, Phila.,
111.352–353
Inca Indians,
76.411, 412, 413, 423
Incarceration rates, race as a factor in (1790–1835),
119.95–128
Inclined planes,
85.194, 202
of Allegheny Portage Railroad, 95.84
view of Columbia Railroad, by Wild, 77.55, 56, 59, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72
Income tax,
84.180
Indentured servants,
76.397,
78.151
n, 80.147, 150, 154,
84.214,
86.125,
87.33,
92.292,
98.329, 332,
102.490–491.
See also Labor;
Servants
in charcoal iron industry,
93.476, 477
children as,
101.475–486
in East Jersey,
77.261, 265, 266, 267, 274–279
passim, 283–291
passim, 293
enlistment of
spurs slave trade, 88.67
by Gov. Thomas, 92.2;92.308
of German farmers,
83.195
household, in 18th-century Pa.,
107.14–21, 23, 28, 51, 61, 65
for New Albion,
83.155, 172, 173
sale of,
88.55–56
wages of hired girls (1725),
84.229
Indentured servitude.
See also Redemptioner system
book on, 113.638–639
and colonial military service, 120.72
effect of military recruitment on, 119.76;119.79–82;119.85;119.89–90
Indentures,
77.261, 270,
107.70, 72, 80–82,
114.236.
See also Apprentices/Apprenticeship
18th-century Phila., 107.29–48
in the Middle Colonies, 117.341
to ship captains, Sauer cautions against (1725), 84.231–232
Independence,
82.464, 467–468,
86.19, 20.
See also Declaration of Independence
Amer., 76.224–225, 265, 287–288, 292
Amer., Swedish contributions to, rev., 78.112–113
bill for, in House of Lords (1778), 80.112
colonial attitude on, 85.9, 12, 20, 29, 32, 33
John Dickinson and, 86.243
disclaimed by Congress, 91.424
Jacob Duché opposes, 79.4–5
economic, of U. S., 85.447, 448
Rev. Wm. Hazlitt advocates, 85.289, 297
Irish, 77.125
Pa. and resolution for, 78.14–15
role of newspapers in movement for, book rev., 82.481–483
voting of, painted by Trumbull and Pine-Savage, 80.74–91
Independence (canal packet boat),
103.222, 223
Independence (razee),
90.45, 46
Independence (ship of the line),
102.500,
103.42, 45, 46
Independence Day.
See also Fourth of July
in 1876 at Independence Hall,
102.53–54
Catholic temperance and,
112.425–427
celebrations of,
93.172,
112.174, 177–178
book on,
122.305–307
at Phila.
in 1861, 97.500–501
in 1862, 97.508
as forum of national identity, article on,
118.209–248
orations on,
93.182, 187
by Rev. Wm. Rogers, 93.183
parades on,
94.289
Independence Hall,
77.50, 91, 349, 450,
78.53, 78
n, 79.339,
81.362,
82.154, 165, 211,
86.73,
88.213, 469,
89.59, 213,
91.324, 325,
101.324,
104.62, 82, 83,
105.122,
114.53,
118.221, 237, 242–243,
119.306119.308–
309119.322–
323119.341,
123.282–283, 299
"Advisory Board,"
115.89–114
anniversary of Constitution celebrated at (1861),
88.215
Assembly Room of,
115.97
photo, 115.113
in Trumbull and Pine-Savage paintings, 80.74–91
banquet for Wm. Denny in,
81.173
bell and register in,
93.54
body of J. Q. Adams rests in,
86.75
book on,
113.126–128
Breton view of,
85.181, 199
Centennial celebration at,
79.368,
100.385, 408,
102.53–54
Centennial clock and bell at,
102.40–58
Centennial emblem at,
100.412
clocks and bells on,
93.27,
98.287–313
passim
Declaration of Independence exhibited at,
102.167–183
Democratic meetings at,
88.220–221, 301, 307, 468–469
description of,
93.68–72
election day at (1816), by Krimmel,
77.94
r (facing)
furnishings of,
100.410
Indians at,
98.158–159
Lafayette received at,
100.108
Library Co. experiments at,
101.80, 83, 85
Lincoln raises flag on (1861),
88.73
Long Room of,
115.97
mass meetings at,
94.438,
95.35, 36
new steeple for in 1828,
103.227, 229
Pa. Academy of the Fine Arts founded in,
92.384
Peale's Museum in,
78.81
n, 85,
79.335
Rembrandt Peal's studio in,
79.335
Phila. Mutiny of 1783 at,
101.429–450
passim
R. E. Pine paints in,
80.84, 87
plaster ceiling medallion,
117.333
r
property in Phila.,
80.167–168, 193
protest meeting at, over tea (1773),
85.4
reception of Lafayette,
103.88
restoration of,
98.304
by Frank M. Etting, 102.168, 177, 180
on Scull and Heap's map of Phila. (1752),
81.70–71, 72, 73
stair tower, architectural example,
121.42
steeple of,
98.288, 304, 305
and "The Man with the Military Walk,"
93.51–55
tower of,
81.70
town meeting held at,
91.300
use of alarm bell at,
94.320
view from,
93.70–71,
95.242
views of
by Birch, 88.169
by Wild, 77.38, 42, 50, 51, 55, 57, 59, 63, 65, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73
voting at,
94.321
Wild's Phila. panoramas taken from,
77.42, 61, 62, 66, 67
Independence Hall Yard,
98.304
Independence National Historical Park,
80.74
n, 86.118, 130,
105.507
exhibit, 112.131
guide to, 99.396
Independence on Trial …, by Marks, rev.,
98.399–400
Independence Square, Phila.,
77.445,
79.483, 493,
88.215,
94.285
and City Hall, 97.234–235
Thos. McKean and rally at, 96.37
public architecture in area around, 119.310;119.312;119.317;119.319–320;119.322–323;119.326;119.331;119.341–343
tents pitched in (1862), 88.358
"Independence Treasury," banking issue of,
122.93
Independent, 106.266–267,
108.33, 36
Independent (pseudonym).
See Harvey, James E.
Independent Artillerists,
91.319
Independent Blues,
91.319
Independent Chronicle (Boston newspaper),
77.17, 22
Independent Company of Volunteers, Phila.,
81.160
Independent Democratic Campaign Committee, Phila.,
97.221, 222, 223
Independent Democrats,
85.442
Independent Gazetteer, 91.15, 18,
113.191, 192,
118.229, 230, 232, 233, 235,
119.16;119.20;119.26–27;119.35;119.396,
120.337
Independent Historical Societies, by Whitehill, rev.,
87.348–349
Independent militia.
See Militia, independent
Independent ministers, lobbying in London compared to Quaker lobbying,
117.138–139
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Southwark Lodge No. 146,
82.141
Independent Treasury Act (1840),
80.447
Independent Treasury Bill,
77.165
Independent Whig, 119.372
Index to Pennsylvania colonial records series, book on,
117.223–224
Index to Records of Aliens' Declarations of Intentions and/or Oaths of Allegiance, 1789–1880, Phila.,
94.335, 336, 339
Index to Supplement to Charles Evans' American Bibliography, comp. by Bristol, rev.,
96.414–415
Index to The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Volumes 1–75 (1877–1951), ed. by Doll, rev.,
79.109–110,
100.437
India,
76.77, 78, 304,
77.123,
80.440, 506.
See also Pondicherry
Andrew Carnegie impressed by, 88.443–444
opinion of East India Co. rights in (1757), 85.38–39, 44
Phila. trade with (1791–1804), 82.41–45, 49, 50–51
India (ship),
82.42–50
India rubber
rubber blankets, 89.10, 26, 34
rubber coat, 89.12
vulcanizing of, 89.101
Indian affairs
Quaker reform in, 118.110–111
Timothy Pickering and the American Republic, by Gerard H. Clarfield, rev., 105.225–226
Indian Affairs in Colonial New York: The Seventeenth Century, by Trelease, rev.,
85.83–84
The Indian Boundary in the Southern Colonies 1763–1775, by De Vorsey, rev.,
91.479–480
Indian burials
described by Thos. Gist (1758), 80.296
mourning customs, 84.216
Indian Claims Commission,
112.631
Indian Confederacy,
120.378
Indian corn.
See Corn;
Maize
"Indian Deed for Petty's Island, 1678,"
89.111–114
Indian Department, U. S.,
101.341–342
Indian Hollow,
76.419
Indian King (tavern),
91.172,
92.312
Indian lacrosse, book on,
119.175–177
Indian ladders,
79.446
n
Indian Life in the Upper Great Lakes, 11,000 B.C. to A.D.1800, by Quimby, rev.,
85.217–219
Indian meal.
See Corn meal
Indian Mound, McKees Rocks, labor meetings at,
90.365, 368–370
Indian Ocean,
90.36
Indian ornaments,
84.450
n.
See also gorgets
Indian paths.
See Indian trails
Indian Paths of Pennsylvania, by Wallace, rev.,
91.80–81
Indian place names, in Pa.,
102.388
Indian Queen (Shippensburg tavern),
95.441
Indian Queen (tavern),
84.165
n, 91.172,
98.148
Indian Queen Lane,
91.335
Indian relics,
87.399, 403
Indian Rights Association,
94.62–63
"Indian towns and the trans-Appalachian frontier" (map),
116.35
Indian trade,
76.286,
80.146,
81.180,
83.168, 269,
85.118, 128
n, 133
n, 152,
86.131,
89.154, 160, 162, 177.
See also Labor;
Servants
British troops protect,
81.355, 356
of colonial Pa.,
101.172–179
goods for
cost of, 87.308
at Pennsbury (1687), 86.403, 404–406 passim
interference of Gov. Dongan of N. Y. in Pa. trade,
90.495, 498, 504, 516
Jas. Logan enters,
78.170, 171, 174, 175–176
profitable for Penn interests,
78.174, 175–176
Indian traders,
84.310, 323, 470,
85.133, 137
murdered by Shawnees, 85.118, 139, 159–160
support Dunmore's War, 85.132
Indian trails,
91.80–81, 326,
100.147.
See also King's Highway
Indian treaties and conferences,
76.286,
77.126,
87.411,
93.165.
See also Wampum and wampum belts
activity of Quakers at,
81.176, 177, 182, 185–186, 189
at Albany (1754),
84.161
at Big Tree (1797),
84.295
n, 303
n, 320
n
at Buffalo, N. Y. (1802),
84.320
n, 455
n, 464
n
at Canandaigua (1794),
84.268, 302, 319
n, 440, 443, 456, 468
at Carlisle (1753),
81.176,
84.160
Gov. Denny's conduct at,
81.175–176, 181–183, 185–186, 189–190
at Easton (1756),
81.177–178,
84.165
at Easton (1757),
81.185–186,
101.323,
104.316
at Easton (1758),
81.188–190,
87.306, 308–310
passim, 316–321
passim, 323,
104.321
effectiveness of,
93.174
at Fort Harmar,
84.295
n, 93.174
at Fort McIntosh (1785),
84.266–267
at Fort Stanwix (1784),
84.266–267, 269, 306, 313–314, 318
n–319
n
Franklin attends,
84.160, 161, 165
at Kuskuski (1758),
87.310–313
passim, 315
n, 319–323
passim
at Lancaster (1757),
81.181–183
of Wm. Markham,
92.25
at Moscow, N. Y. (1823),
84.455
n
at Newtown, N. Y. (1791),
84.275, 320
n
of Pa.
in 1682, 89.111
in 1728, 89.178
in 1732, 89.181
in 1737, 89.189
in 1742, 89.191
at Painted Post (1791),
88.398–401
payment for Indian purchase of 1686,
90.501, 514
of Wm. Penn
c. 1686, 87.398
painted by West, 87.407, 407n
Quakers sponsor (1796),
88.401
at Shackamaxon,
87.405, 407, 419
U. S. policy in,
84.266–267
Indian wars,
77.322, 330
in Northwest Territory, 84.266, 267, 268, 293, 309–318 passim, 444n, 452, 460, 467, 478, 479
threatened (1794), 84.295, 306, 308–316 passim, 437–438, 443–445, 452–470 passim, 478, 479
Indian Wars of the U. S. Army, 1776–1865, by Downey, rev.,
88.117–118
Indian World (Calcutta newspaper),
77.123
Indiana,
76.430,
82.70
description of (1863), 90.469
"A Frontiersman's Memoirs: Jacob Felton's Sketch of His Early Life," 106.539–553
impact of revival on (1905), 118.264
land grant, 85.46
Quaker records in, rev., 87.372
and Republican presidential nomination (1860), 82.100–101, 103
women's prison reform, 106.316
Indiana, Pa.,
76.435
Indiana, West Baden, black baseball in,
117.6
Indiana Company,
101.188
John Paul Jones invests in, 77.156–163
sketch of (1769–1783), 77.159–163
Indiana County: 175th Anniversary History, by Stephenson, rev.,
103.407–408
Indiana County, Pa.
from 1866–1988, books on, 115.141–143
labor injunction in (1919–1931), 118.63–85
Indiana Evening Gazette, 114.552,
118.77
Indianapolis, black baseball in,
117.6, 30
Indians,
76.210, 285, 286, 333, 420,
77.260, 266, 471,
79.367,
82.339,
83.301,
84.157, 337, 350,
123.374.
See also Delaware Indians;
headings beginning with Indian;
Native Americans;
Susquehanna Indians;
names of individual tribes
accuse Proprietaries of land fraud,
81.176–189
passim
adoption of prisoners by,
80.299
affairs of, in colonial N. Y. (17th century), rev.,
85.83–84
affected by evolution,
87.72–73
and Africans, Thomas Paine's view of rights of,
123.188–191
alcohol use by,
107.610–612
The Ambiguous Iroquois Empire: The Covenant Chain Confederation of Indian Tribes with English Colonies from Its Beginning to the Lancaster Treaty of 1744, by Jennings, rev.,
109.84–85
ambush Bouquet,
76.422
Amer. treaties with,
84.266–267, 268.
See also Indian treaties and conferences
during Amer. Rev.,
85.33
artifacts of,
116.336
attacked at Cheat R.,
93.159
n
attacks by
at Fort Recovery, 78.446–450
in Pa. (1756), 86.419
attitude toward land,
89.112
E. E. Barclay's stories of,
80.462
B. S. Barton writes on,
85.426
and John Bartram,
107.238–243
basketwork of,
98.158
Anthony Benezet and relations with,
106.71–72, 74–76, 80–81, 87
biography of Tecumseh, book rev.,
81.210–212
books on,
112.470–475, 631–632,
113.452–454
in Braddock's defeat,
79.376, 377
Joseph Brant, British leader of,
79.442, 444, 445
brief account of, in Del., rev.,
77.278
British and
efforts to ally (1758), 87.307–308, 316–317, 321, 322
in Old Northwest, 78.298, 300n–301n, 302, 332, 434–455 passim
support (1794), 84.268, 306, 309, 310, 318, 467
in the War of 1812, 115.269
British use of
in Amer. Rev., 91.422
as buffer group, 84.266, 267, 269
burn Hanna's Town,
91.24
campaigns against, in West,
83.5, 9
n, 10
n, 11, 15
n
from Canada, oppose Wayne,
78.436–437, 453
captives of,
78.322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 329–330,
87.313, 314, 315, 319, 320
adoption of, 84.449n, 451n, 458
E. E. Barclay's stories of, 80.462
William C. Houston as, 79.75
Nicholas Demuth as, 84.450n
John Fitch as, 79.75
Gilbert family as, 102.445
journal of Thos. Gist as (1758–1759), 80.258–311
Elijah Matthews as, 84.304n
McCrary brothers as, 80.288, 302–311
Joseph Nicholas as, 84.298n
return of, 84.459, 470
Nicholas Rosencrantz as, 84.450–451, 451n
William Saltsman as, 84.465
treatment of, 84.217, 458, 459, 470
true tales of, rev., 79.246–247
Benj. Chew and,
88.5
Chicacoan Algonquian, book on,
119.150–151
and colonials at Kuskusky,
116.33–58
complain of Gov. Denny's actions,
81.190
complain of liquor sold to,
85.152
concern of, for women and children,
78.305, 308, 310, 321, 324, 326
Continental Congress seeks neutrality of,
85.18
converted to Christianity,
84.471
Creek, in War of 1812,
123.111
George Croghan's opinions on,
77.313–314
culture of, adopted by white man,
76.414
defeat Josiah Harmar's forces,
93.176
"The Delaware Interregnum,"
89.174–198
of Delaware Valley,
100.145–148
demand return of ceded lands,
84.306, 307–308, 313–314, 440–445, 455–456
Gov. Denny's attitude toward,
81.176, 181
dependence on European goods,
89.177
depredations of, on frontier,
83.403
disease and life expectancy,
77.319, 325–326
Dutch purchase land from, on Delaware (1630),
87.280, 283
Early Americans, by Bridenbaugh, rev.,
105.492–493
eat pack horses,
78.447
emotions of,
80.293, 296, 298, 299
ethnic traits of,
80.285, 293–304
passim
European relations with, book on,
123.375–376
Facing West: The Metaphysics of Indian-Hating and Empire Building, by Drinnon, rev.,
105.489–491
feuds among,
87.320
n
folk medicine of,
97.264
at Fort Duquesne,
80.285–295
passim, 301
in French and Indian War,
119.278
French efforts to incite (1758),
87.307, 311–315
passim, 319–322
passim
With Good Intentions: Quaker Work Among the Pawnees, Otos, and Omahas in the 1870s, by Milner, rev.,
108.120–121
Great Lakes, book on,
116.519–520
Handbook of North American Indians, Northeast, rev.,
104.515–517
Held Captive by, ed. by VanDerBeets, rev.,
98.158
hide cannon in logs (1791),
78.449
history of
book rev., 78.116–119
books on, 118.409–412
Delaware Indians, 97.108
impact on Ohio Valley colonialism, 122.300
interaction with Europeans, book on, 122.139–140
New York Iroquois, campaign against, book on, 122.302–304
Sacagawea, book on, 122.140–142
hostility of
in Northwest Territory, 93.167, 173
in western Pa. (1794), 84.286, 288, 293, 294, 435, 444n, 462–463
and idea of civilization, study of, book rev.,
77.484–485
idea of property among,
77.321
impact of Pa. colonists on, 1680–1720,
116.3–31
incited by Wm. Blount,
78.87
n
inoculation of,
77.326
interpreters, responsibility of,
89.182
Iroquois in Amer. Rev.,
96.396
Jeffersonian philosophy of,
97.543–544
John Eliot's Indian Dialogues: A Study in Cultural Interaction, ed. by Bowden and Ronda, rev.,
105.214–215
Guy Johnson's opinions on,
77.311–327
John Johnston and, book rev.,
82.230–231
justice and authority among,
77.321–322
Kalm compares Pa. farmers to,
83.202
kill traders,
85.118, 139, 146, 147, 154, 155, 159–160
killed by white men,
85.127, 131, 133, 135, 138, 146–149, 151, 152, 154, 155
land purchase of,
89.111
and land sovereignty,
85.40, 41–42, 46–47
land titles, validity of,
85.40–47
passim, 114
languages of,
77.324–325, 472
n, 89.52
Lenape, artifacts of,
116.324–327
"Lenape Land Sales, Treaties, and Wampum Belts," by Marshall Joseph Becker,
108.351–356
Meriwether Lewis and,
85.169, 176
liquor law of,
89.112
lost birthright of, book rev.,
90.547
magic practices of,
95.454
make false peace overtures (1794),
78.321–330, 332, 336, 429
manners and customs of,
76.422–424, 428–429,
77.311–327,
80.293–304
passim
among Pa. Indians (1700), 84.215–217
appetites, 77.314, 319
crudeness, in council meeting, 84.304–305
dancing and, 115.68–69
dinner etiquette, 84.453–454
drunkenness and intemperance, 77.314, 316, 319, 320, 325–326, 84.216, 89.421
feast, described, 84.446, 447, 453–454
interpretation of dreams, 84.297n
John Eliot's Indian Dialogues: A Study in Cultural Interaction, ed. by Bowden and Ronda, rev., 105.214–215
marriage and family life, 77.314, 319–320
mourning, 84.216
murder, by family decree, 84.468n, 471–472
reception of visitors, 84.301–302, 435, 444–445
of Seneca Indians, council procedure, 84.305n, 452n
sexual, 77.317, 318, 320
smoking of ceremonial pipe, 84.304
songs, dances, and speeches, 77.314, 317–318, 323, 324–325
massacre of,
94.459, 460, 462
at Whorekill, 80.231, 232, 233, 234, 235
The McKenny-Hall Portrait Gallery..., by Horan, rev.,
97.418–419
John Melish on land rights of (1816),
82.74
militia of, proposed by Adlum,
84.464–465
John Moll deed for land purchase from (1680),
87.412
Moravians and,
83.402
move to Ohio,
89.178
murders of
on Pa. frontiers, 101.178
by whites, 84.452n, 468n, 470–471
North American, mysteries of, rev.,
78.514–515
of North and South Amer., compared,
76.411–413, 423
numbers of, on Ohio,
89.195
n
Owen Wister writes stories of, in West,
83.6, 7–8, 13–24
passim, 28
in Pa.
during Amer. Rev., 79.442, 444–445, 446, 447, 448, 449
book rev., 86.352–353
Andreas Sandel on, 84.215–217
paint trees,
76.429
Francis Parkman minimizes role of,
87.306–323
passim
Patriot raiders disguised as,
79.446
peace efforts of (1758),
87.307–308, 309–314
passim, 320–323
passim
and William Penn,
107.559, 577, 583, 597–605
Account of Delawares, 94.542–543
land titles and, 105.397
Thos. Penn objects to book on,
87.415
physical characteristics of,
77.316,
93.165
political strategies of
Cherokee, Eastern Woodland, and Shawnee, 117.239–240
Iroquois, Miami, Ottawa, Piankeshaw, Seneca, Shawnee, Wyandot, book on, 117.247–248
portages of, on Lake Erie,
80.306
position of women among,
77.319–320
predict Whiskey Insurrection,
84.307, 472
presents to,
84.296, 306, 319, 321, 440, 443, 478,
85.150–151,
89.177, 179, 184, 185, 188
ammunition, 84.296, 305, 321, 440
flour, 84.296, 319, 321, 460, 461
liquor, 84.297, 300
"proper" drinking by,
113.567–568
protect C. F. Post,
87.309–314
passim
Puritans Among the Indians: Accounts of Captivity and Redemption, ed. by Vaughan and Clark, rev.,
106.124–126
Quaker influence with,
81.176, 177, 182, 185–186, 189
Quaker pacifism and raids of,
112.334
Quaker protection in the "Paxton Boys" incident,
123.31–55
Quakers negotiate with,
84.17–18
raids by,
106.541–542
and relations with white men to 1830, rev.,
81.418–419
religion of,
77.317–318, 323
Iroquoian Divinity, 84.297n, 446–447
in Pa. (1700), 84.216
request fort from Va.,
85.149
resent Europeanization,
84.270, 468
n
respect for Geo. Croghan,
85.113, 128
n, 129, 139
riot at Nicholas Scull's,
90.332–333
as road engineers,
76.414–418
Wm. Robertson's queries on,
77.311–327
ruined by fur trade,
100.147
Seneca Indians,
105.225
in Kinzua Dam controversy (1936–1958), 119.345–368
and settlement of Delaware,
80.228
Settling with the Indians: The Meeting of English and Indian Culture in America, 1580–1640, rev.,
105.489–491
in siege of Fort Niagara,
80.302
significance of Easton Treaty (1758),
87.316–317
as slaves,
86.159
Southeastern, book on,
120.249–250
Spanish influence on,
78.434–435
study of, rev.,
85.468–470
subjugation of,
100.129
suicide of Capt. Big Tree,
78.324–327, 429
support British during Amer. Rev.,
84.269, 269
n, 299
n, 306
n, 308
support Wayne,
78.303, 323–327, 434, 448
Susquehannock,
116.525
Swatara pioneers scalped by,
81.182–183
and Swedes,
84.217
in Tennessee,
78.87
threat to Pa.,
88.143, 144, 155
threaten to kill Israel Taylor,
90.334
trails.
See Indian trails
treatment of
by Pa., 81.119, 176–189 passim
white captives by, 80.293–304 passim
tribes living near Detroit,
80.310
U. S. seeks peace with (1793–1794),
78.298, 300–302, 300
n, 313, 318
n, 425, 430–431
United States relations with,
120.382
views of Robert Proud on,
92.500
visit Phila. for treaty,
78.95
warfare among,
77.322,
84.217, 449
n
wars against, by U. S. Army (1776–1865), rev.,
88.117–118
George Washington's policy toward,
123.241
Wayne's campaign against (1793–1794),
78.298–341, 424–455
of woodlands, rev.,
87.350–352
Indians' Defensive War (1763–1764),
116.53
Indians in Pennsylvania, by Wallace, rev.,
86.352–353
Indians of the Woodlands from Prehistoric Times to 1725, by Hyde, rev.,
87.350–352
Indigent Widows' and Single Women's Society,
101.241
n, 242–255
Indigestion,
96.232
Indigo,
78.276,
83.410
Indirect taxation,
119.43
Individualism
in business, 93.218
economic, of H. C. Carey, 81.301, 302
Industrial arts, and Centennial Exhibition,
94.213–232
Industrial chemical process, potash,
122.10–11
Industrial commission, Chas. M. Schwab testifies before,
96.217
Industrial Congress, Phila. (1848),
79.296
"Industrial democracy,"
114.544
Industrial development,
Frederick W. Taylor and the Rise of Scientific Management, by Nelson, rev.,
105.126–127
Industrial Evolution: Organization, Structure, and Growth of the Pennsylvania Iron Industry, 1750–1860, by Paskoff, rev.,
109.236–237
Industrial Exhibit, Phila.,
99.41, 42
Industrial Finance, 1830–1914; The Finance and Organization of British Manufacturing Industry, by Cottrell, essay review,
106.112–114
Industrial firms
in 1956 and 1962, 116.449–452 (tables)
in 1980 and 1990, 116.456–459 (tables)
and employment, Philadelphia, 1902–1906, 1927–1928, 1934–1935, 1956, 116.428–437 (tables)
Industrial growth and dam building,
119.361
Industrial Hall, Phila.,
96.238
Industrial history, books on,
113.627–633,
119.249–
250;119.413–415
Industrial management, labor movement in, book on,
113.311–313
Industrial medicine,
Alice Hamilton: A Life of Letters, by Sicherman, rev.,
109.244–246
Industrial Medicine in Western Pennsylvania, 1850–1950, by Hazlett and Hummel, rev.,
83.122
"Industrial Philadelphia," essay review by Margo Conk,
106.423–431
Industrial Progress and Human Welfare: The Rise of the Factory System in 19th Century Lancaster, by Winpenny, rev.,
108.117–118
Industrial restructuring, in twentieth-century Philadelphia,
116.420–465
Industrial Revolution
book on, 112.649–650
craft technology during, book on, 118.283–284
effect on York, 116.295–321
"The Engineer as Promoter: Charles Tillinghast James and the Gospel of Steam Cotton Mills," by Thomas R. Winpenny, 105.166–181
labor in the, book on, 118.284–286
military production and, 119.249–250
Philadelphia employment in, 118.287
second, book on, 123.128–129
"The Industrial Revolution and the Factory Operative in Pennsylvania," by William A. Sullivan,
78.476–494
Industrial schools, for African Americans,
97.204
Industrial sites, archaeology of,
118.405–406
Industrial technology, transfer to America of, book on,
113.660–661
The Industrial Worker in Pennsylvania, 1800–1840, by Sullivan, rev.,
80.387–389
Industrial Workers of the World,
90.362, 364, 372, 373,
99.213,
102.66,
108.253
intercedes in Pressed Steel Car strike, 90.365, 370, 371, 375, 376
resorts to violence, 90.366, 374
Industrialism
anti-, in art, 119.167
deindustrialization in Pittsburgh, book on, 119.146–147
"Discord in Utopia: The Ellsworth Strike of 1904," by Raymond M. Hyser, 106.393–409
"Finance, Culture and Technology: Recent Studies of British and American Industry," essay review by Philip Scranton, 106.111–121
"An Immigrant Family and Industrial Enterprise: Sevill Schofield and the Philadelphia Textile Manufacture, 1845–1900," by Philip Scranton, 106.365–392
"Industrial Philadelphia," essay review by Margo Conk, 106.423–431
"Labor and Capital in the Early Period of Manufacturing: The Failure of John Nicholson's Manufacturing Complex, 1793–1797," by Cynthia Shelton, 106.341–364
"Philadelphia: The American Industrial Center, 1750--1850," by Thomas C. Cochran, 106.323–340
Steelmasters and Labor Reform, 1886–1923, by Eggert, rev., 106.318–319
Urban Capitalists: Entrepreneurs and City Growth in Pennsylvania's Lackawanna and Lehigh Regions, 1800–1920, by Folson, 106.137–138
Industrialists, in high school American history textbooks,
112.251–254, 262–263, 266–267
Industrialization,
112.353
of Amer., book on, 120.148–149
books on, 112.291–295
and community, 114.483–515
history of, book on, 114.592–593
impact of, on family, book on, 114.450–451
second-stage, book on, 118.171–172
in the U.S., economic and political impact of, 113.347, 348–349, 350–352
"The 'Industrious Poor' and the Founding of the Pennsylvania Hospital," by William H. Williams,
97.431–443
Industry,
76.56–57, 284,
83.166.
See also Business;
Corporations;
Factories;
Labor;
Manufactures;
Manufacturing;
Mills;
names of individual industries
Amer., European immigration and, book rev.,
82.248–250
Art and.
See Art
books on,
111.132–137
development of,
93.221
diversification in coal regions,
94.54–61
domination of mining companies,
83.307, 309, 311, 312–316, 318, 325–326
effect of, on U. S.,
78.476
encouragement of (1813–1818),
82.76–79
expansion of, in N. Y.,
83.310, 311
and foreign trade,
82.76–78
growth of, affects society,
88.251, 278, 290–293
in high school American history textbooks,
112.251–254, 262–263, 266–267
impact on development of Harrisburg, book on,
118.171–172
Jefferson's advocacy of,
100.484
D. J. Morrell's concept of,
83.309, 325–326
opposition to trade-unions,
83.316, 317–323, 324
papermaking,
81.391–405
in Phila.,
79.167, 170–171,
104.69
scientific management of,
99.460–476,
101.487–505
shoemaking, changes in,
79.169, 183
social effects of, on workers,
78.477–478, 490–494
unemployment in Pa. (1930–1931),
88.40
use of coal in,
83.422, 427, 432
anthracite, 82.82, 87, 94, 96, 99
woolen, in Phila. (1775),
81.373
Industry (schooner),
82.13
Industry (snow),
87.35
Industry (Cantico) (ship),
78.149, 151, 152, 153, 175
Industry Comes of Age. Business, Labor and Public Policy, 1860–1897, by Kirkland, rev.,
86.368–369
Infant School Society of Philadelphia,
97.459
Infanticide,
78.83
"Babies in the Well: An Underground Insight into Deviant Behavior in Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia," by Sharon Ann Burnston, 106.151–186
women's crime in eighteenth-century Pennsylvania, 109.337, 343–344, 359–360, 364
Infants
feeding of, book on, 113.504–505
nurture of, book on, 114.308–309
Infectious disease, health strategies against, book on,
123.255–256
Inflation,
81.53, 61, 62, 385, 386
during Amer. Rev.,
79.449, 464
in colonies, after Seven Years' War,
88.174–175
in Pa., during Amer. Rev., rev.,
76.238–239
in Phila.
in 1763, 88.174–175
from 1779–1783, 91.440, 443
in 1780, 80.58n, 59
during Amer. Rev., rev., 76.379
"The Influences of Pennsylvania's 1776 Constitution on American Constitutionalism During the Founding Decade," by Robert F. Williams,
112.25–48
Influenza,
78.305, 309,
93.250,
99.484
epidemic of 1918, Phila., 116.271
Ingalls, Robert P., book rev. by,
117.345–346
Ingelo, Richard,
80.169
n, 173, 190
Phila. town lot of, 92.148
Ingels, Richard,
90.319
Ingenhousz, Jan,
85.68,
122.130
Ingersoll, Alexander (1807–1889),
88.345, 361–362,
93.191
n
Ingersoll, Ann Wilcocks.
See Meigs, Ann Wilcocks Ingersoll
Ingersoll, Anna W.,
89.96
Ingersoll, Anna Warren (Mrs. Edward Ingersoll),
88.458
n
Ingersoll, Benjamin (1813–1859),
86.181, 189,
93.191
n
Ingersoll, Betty,
88.219
Ingersoll, Dr. Charles,
89.219, 220
Ingersoll, Mrs. Charles,
86.331
n
Ingersoll, Charles (1805–1882),
86.181, 186, 189, 201, 476,
87.77, 326,
88.328, 343, 344,
89.213, 214, 217, 225, 352, 473,
103.224
arrest of,
88.328, 352–357,
93.199, 200, 201,
95.386
beaten by a mob (1865),
89.215–216,
93.211, 212
and Central Democratic Club,
88.299, 457, 462
challenges Wm. D. Kelly to duel,
88.361
"Charles Ingersoll: The Aristocrat as copperhead," by Irwin F. Greenberg,
93.190–217
defends slavery,
93.192, 213
denounces Lincoln's administration,
88.81, 296–297, 312, 349–350, 352–354, 356, 361, 457, 458, 461
elected president of Central Democratic Club,
93.203
engagement of daughter Kate,
89.365
health of,
89.467
inherits half of Jos. R. Ingersoll's estate,
89.461
of Miss.,
88.475, 475
n
and Phila. Democrats,
88.220, 295, 299, 307, 352–353, 457, 462
plan of, to end Civil War,
93.205
restricts attendance at Jos. R. Ingersoll's funeral,
89.461
speeches of,
93.193, 195, 199, 210
violent political views of,
93.196
writings of,
93.197, 204, 210, 212, 216
Women Rule (play), 89.348, 349, 365, 476
Ingersoll, Mrs. Charles E.,
76.200
n, 342
n
Ingersoll, Mrs. Charles Jared,
76.333,
86.60, 190, 321, 454
n, 455
Ingersoll, Charles Jared (1782–1862),
76.196
n, 204, 341, 444, 445, 458,
77.87, 206,
86.181, 186, 189, 190, 191, 201, 321, 324, 325, 332,
87.77, 78, 192, 201, 203, 210, 335
n, 339, 345, 447,
88.215, 465,
89.203, 204, 479,
97.331,
100.112, 113, 114,
103.89, 98, 517
Ingersoll, Mrs. Edward,
86.325,
87.73,
89.215, 217
Ingersoll, Edward (1817–1893),
86.181, 186, 189, 325,
87.74, 201,
88.295, 343, 344, 352, 356, 367, 458, 475,
89.81, 461, 475, 476,
93.191
n
arrest of, 89.214, 93.211, 212
and brother's arrest, 88.353, 355, 357
children attend party, 89.224
Mrs. S. G. Fisher lives with, 89.484–485
on impeachment of Pres. Johnson, 89.467
infuriates mob, 89.215
justifies secession, 93.211
lends money to S. G. Fisher, 89.462
radical speech of, 89.212–213
released on bail, 89.216
on slavery, 88.301
Ingersoll, Elizabeth.
See Fisher, Elizabeth Ingersoll (Bet, Mrs. Sidney George Fisher)
Ingersoll, George Roberts,
86.325
Ingersoll, Harry (1809–1886),
76.196
n, 343
n, 86.60, 87, 181, 185, 191, 456,
87.198–199, 325,
88.73, 328, 337, 344, 355, 357–358, 462
n, 475
n, 89.220, 349, 461,
93.191
n, 102.284
assists S. G. Fisher, 86.320
death of son, 86.326
gives Christmas present, 89.366
and Medary, 86.71, 83, 182, 190, 342, 459, 477
Ingersoll, Helen,
88.475
n, 89.352
Ingersoll, Jared, Jr. (1749–1822),
77.150, 151
n, 152,
81.65,
87.200,
90.162, 176, 293,
91.8, 14,
92.457,
93.179,
97.167
n, 102.231, 238,
103.437,
112.49–50
Ingersoll, Jared, Sr. (1722–1781),
94.533
career of, 93.190
as stamp officer, 96.276
Ingersoll, John,
86.181, 190, 321,
88.475
n, 89.219
Ingersoll, Joseph Reed,
76.334, 340,
77.92
n, 100,
79.221,
82.285,
86.61, 65, 189, 321, 325,
87.81, 202, 203, 209, 210, 331, 345, 431–432,
88.209, 344, 349, 361,
89.96, 100, 103, 341, 479,
92.215
n, 423, 427, 428, 430,
93.212,
103.111, 243, 517
n, 111.164, 192,
114.30
death of, 89.461
memoir of Sam. Breck, 102.471
as minister to England, 91.458, 459, 470
will of, 89.461
Ingersoll, Kate, engaged to Dr. Frank Maury,
89.365
Ingersoll, L. D.,
90.102
n
Ingersoll, Mary,
76.204.
See also Fisher, Mary Ingersoll (Mrs. Jas. Logan Fisher)
Ingersoll, Mary Wilcocks (Mrs. Charles Jared Ingersoll),
87.335
n, 88.328, 342–343, 344
n, 345, 355
Ingersoll, R. Sturgis,
76.179,
87.213,
91.190
book revs. by, 79.133–134, 90.558–559
Ingersoll, Robert,
77.332
Ingersoll, Samuel,
84.37–39, 45
Ingersoll, Samuel (1824–1827),
93.191
n
Ingersoll, Sarah Roberts (Sally, Mrs. Harry Ingersoll),
76.196, 204, 343
n, 347,
77.207,
79.223,
86.55, 87
n, 182, 189, 343,
87.209,
88.73, 367, 462, 474, 475
n, 89.220, 334, 349,
103.224,
119.122
conversation of, 102.284, 303
gives Christmas present, 89.366
Ingersoll, Susan Catherine (Mrs. Charles Ingersoll),
93.191
Ingersoll, Warren,
89.215
Ingersoll, William,
86.190,
88.475, 475
n
"The Ingersoll and Booth Doctrine,"
89.213
Ingersoll family,
79.223
Ingham, John,
106.449,
115.274–275
"A Strike in the Progressive Era: McKees Rocks, 1909," 90.353–377
The Iron Barons, rev., 102.529–531
Ingham, Samuel D.,
92.508,
95.160, 373,
98.344
n, 103.373,
120.49, 51
dismissed from the Treasury, 96.378, 388
and Family Party, 96.377
reports dissolution of Jackson's Cabinet, 100.231–242
Ingham, Mrs. Samuel D.,
100.232, 237
Inghram, James,
104.223
n, 235, 236
Ingle, H. Larry
First Among Friends: George Fox and the Creation of Quakerism, rev., 119.258–260
Quakers in Conflict, rev., 111.584–585
Ingle, Richard,
106.123
Ingles, John,
97.36
Inglis, Charles,
91.425
n
Inglis, John,
115.70
Inglis, Samuel,
97.136
Inglis, Samuel, & Co.,
79.40
Inglis, William W.,
93.255, 258
Inglis & Harper,
80.60
Inglis family,
90.159
Ingoldsby, Sir Henry,
80.149, 150
Ingoldsby, Richard,
88.134
Ingraham, Edward D.,
77.206
Ingram, Ann Jones (Mrs. Matthew Ingram),
84.146
Ingram, J. H.,
93.525
Inheritance
book on, 113.639–641
eighteenth-century female, 119.197–198
of land, among Pa. Germans, 83.204, 217
Injunction(s)
against labor in Indiana County (1919–1931), 118.63–85
use of in Wilkes-Barre 1915 strike, 94.88
Ink,
78.459.
See also Printing ink
indelible, label for, 84.336r, 339
Inkson, Richard,
81.57
Inland navigation, steam
on Delaware River, 83.426, 428, 432
on Great Lakes, 83.424–425, 445
on Hudson River, 83.426, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432
on Long Island Sound, 83.426, 428, 431
on western rivers, 83.420–424, 425, 445
Inland Navigation in Pennsylvania, Society for Promoting Improvements in Roads and,
116.73–82
Inman, Henry,
76.208,
82.140,
110.76, 170
portrait of Dr. Physick, 92.80
Inman, Joseph,
102.442
n
"Inmate" economic classification, Chester county, 1750–1820,
114.168–171, 175, 191, 195, 198
Inner Light, Quaker principle of,
118.91–96, 101–103, 106, 107, 108–109, 111, 112, 115–116
Innes, Lowell,
Pittsburgh Glass 1797–1891, rev.,
101.537–539
Innes, Stephen,
118.148, 170.
See also Breen, T. H.
book rev. by, 114.282–284
ed., Work and Labor in Early America, rev., 114.284–285
Innis, James,
85.153
Innkeepers,
105.56–58, 60
oppose temperance movement, 87.131–132, 134
Innocent Ecstasy: How Christianity Gave America an Ethic of Sexual Pleasure, by Peter Gardella, rev.,
110.189–192
Inns,
79.344, 347, 348, 349,
87.133
n.
See also Ordinaries;
Taverns;
names of individual inns and taverns
college students and, 85.257, 261
in Pa. (1774), 85.125, 126–127
between Phila. and Boston (1725), 85.413–419 passim
prices in (1725), 85.419–421
of West Jersey, rev., 87.112–114
Inns of Court (London, England),
83.275,
102.15.
See also Gray's Inn;
Middle Temple
Amer. students at, 86.242, 244, 245, 261, 425n
character of, 86.244–245
John Dickinson's letters from (1754–1756), 86.241–286, 417–453
Pa. lawyers trained at, 91.4
Innys, —,
79.420
Inoculation,
81.167,
83.301
curbs smallpox (19th century), 87.294–295, 303, 305
of Indians, 77.326
John Redman advocates, 81.161
against smallpox, Phila. (1777), 82.423, 425, 427
An Inquiry into the Formation of Washington's Farewell Address, by Binney,
94.176
"Inquiry" textbooks, in high school American history,
112.251
Inquisition
history of, by Henry C. Lea, 80.465–477 passim
in Portugal, 78.72, 74
reaction of Catholic scholars to Lea's history of, 80.471–473
Insane
asylum for, in Pittsburgh, 81.413
attitude toward, in U. S. (1789–1865), rev., 88.378–379
care of, at Phila. Almshouse, 87.218–219
Insane Asylum, Phila.
See Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane
Insanity
books on, 112.634–636, 645–649
Warder Cresson accused of, 95.174
"The Domesticated Madman: Changing Concepts of Insanity at the Pennsylvania Hospital, 1780–1930," by Nancy Tomes, 106.271–286
institutional treatment of, in nineteenth-century America, books on, 120.267–269
as legal justification for assassination of libertine, 113.399–400, 410–411, 416
Benj. Rush writes on, 78.43
Insects
fleas, 85.126, 127
potato bugs, 85.384–385
Inside Lincoln's Cabinet: The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P. Chase, ed. by Donald, rev.,
79.131–132
Inside the Great House: Planter Family Life in Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake Society, by Smith, rev.,
106.293–295
Inskip, John,
80.70
"The Inspection of Exports in Colonial Pennsylvania," by Arthur L. Jensen,
78.275–297
Inspirationists (Inspired).
See Community of True Inspiration
Inspired (Inspirationists).
See Community of True Inspiration
Installment buying
in correspondence school training, 120.348–349
of Singer Sewing Machine Company, 120.348–349
Institute for Colored Youth, Phila.,
97.78–98
passim, 462,
100.364,
106.527,
108.17, 540,
110.400,
113.19, 70,
117.87–88, 90–91, 95–96
Institute for the Blind,
92.78
Institute of Architects, Phila.,
93.97
Institute of Early American History and Culture, book related to,
122.420–422
Institute of Engineers and Shipbuilders, Scotland,
92.241
Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital.
See also Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane
"Kirkbride-Langenheim Collaboration: Early Use of Photography in Psychiatric Treatment in Philadelphia," by George S. Layne, 105.182–202
Instructions, Thos. Penn controls govs. by,
94.428–429, 430
Insull, by McDonald, rev.,
87.369–370
Insull, Samuel, biography of, rev.,
87.369–370
Insurance.
See also Fire insurance;
Marine insurance
on colonial cargoes,
102.12, 13
fire,
100.302
marine,
77.197
on personal property,
100.303
Philadelphia trade and,
112.192, 196, 207
Insurance companies,
81.287, 315
buy Chesapeake and Delaware Canal stock, 84.419–420
Insurance Company of North America,
81.83,
84.420,
90.164,
100.303,
101.8, 17
book on, 120.124–126
creation of opposed by Thos. Willing, 97.155
historical collection of, 93.144–146
role of Swanwick in, 97.150, 154, 155
Insurance Company of the State of Pa., role of Swanwick in,
97.150, 154, 155
"Insurgency in Philadelphia, 1905," by Lloyd M. Abernethy,
87.3–20
Insurrections, of John Fries,
103.432–445
Integration
impact on black hospital movement, 120.396–398
impact on Harry Byrd machine, 122.169
racial, in college athletics, 112.228
servicemen in World War II Philadelphia, 123.169–173
in World War II, 123.143–175
Intellectual history
books on, 113.128–130, 300–301, 118.284–285
Buddhism in American culture, book on, 117.360–361
the Civil War and, 115.416–419
David Ramsey's history of the Revolution, 116.531–533
of regionalism, 119.148–149
women's, book on, 120.145–147
Intellectual Life in Jefferson's Virginia, 1790–1830, by Davis, rev.,
88.495–497
Intellectual Life in the Colonial South, by Davis, rev.,
103.252–254
Intellectual organizations, voluntary,
117.83–102
Intelligence office,
89.463
Intemperance.
See Temperance
"Intercollegiate Agreement,"
112.230
Intercultural, colonial conflict in the Ohio Valley,
122.300
Interdenominational cooperation among churches,
118.264
Interdependence, British-American technological,
113.501–502
Interdisciplinary studies, in material culture,
123.134–136
Interest rates,
93.219
Interior decoration,
76.342–343, 347, 457.
See also Furniture
in Amer. colonial houses, 88.10, 12
at Cliveden, 88.10, 12, 25, 26–27, 29r, 30r
in Phila. (19th century), 87.64, 204–205, 209, 327, 328, 343
of White house, 76.186
Interior Department, U. S.,
100.66, 67
and forest reserves, 97.367
Internal evidence, document attribution,
117.335–338
Internal improvements,
76.335,
81.280, 283, 301,
86.162, 165,
99.298, 299.
See also Canals;
Railroads;
Roads;
Turnpikes
Internal Revenue, Bureau of, U.S. Treasury Department, narcotics law enforcement and,
113.215–216
International (steam tug),
86.180
International Association of Machinists,
107.451
International Brotherhood of Pulp, Sulphite and Paper Mill Workers,
109.250–252
International Conference on Unemployment, Paris (1910),
79.163
International Congress of Women, London,
99.492
International Correspondence Schools,
120.343–369
International Council of Women (1888),
113.40
International Divine Science Association,
104.482
International Exhibition, Vienna,
101.293, 312
International Fellowship of Reconciliation,
114.419–420
International fur trade, book on,
116.410–411
International Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers' Union,
109.7, 9, 11
International Hotel Co., Phila.,
94.229
International Ladies Garment Workers' Union,
109.8–9, 16, 25,
115.482, 491, 498
International law,
80.32, 439
n
International Metaphysical League,
104.482
International Musician (cartoons),
118.22, 26
International New Thought Alliance,
104.482
International Nickel Company,
101.319, 320
International Paper Company,
109.251
International Penitentiary Congress,
82.200
International relations, under James Madison,
120.381–382
International Statistical Congress, London,
92.429
International Submarine Company,
119.160
International Typographical Union,
120.11, 31
International Workers Order,
115.571
Internationale, 79.219
n
Internationalism, of 18th century,
79.415, 426–427
Internet, access to,
123.178
INTERPOL,
113.219, 220
Interpretation, consensus, of early American history,
115.3
Interpreting Our Heritage. Principles and Practices for Visitor Services in Parks, Museums, and Historical Places, by Tilden, rev.,
82.236–238
Interpretive program, at Colonial Williamsburg,
123.391–394
Interracial baseball competition,
117.3–49
Interracial conflict, over intellectual activity,
117.96
Interracial cooperation, in banking,
117.56–57, 65
Interregional Highway Committee,
115.510
Interstate commerce,
93.533
Interstate Commerce, U. S. Senate Committee on,
118.77–78
Interstate Commerce Commission,
88.455,
99.211, 224,
101.506, 507
Interview With Honor: The Burr-Hamilton Duel, by Riscker, rev.,
100.426–427
Intimate Life of Alexander Hamilton, by Hamilton,
94.174
"Into Pennsylvania's Spiritual Abyss...," by Jon Butler,
101.151–170
Intolerable Acts,
85.8
n
Intrepid (ship),
86.451
An Introduction to Political Economy, 108.50
The Invasion of Canada, Volume One: 1812–1813, by Berton, rev.,
105.228–229
The Invasion Within: The Contest of Cultures in Colonial North America, by Axtell, rev.,
110.459–460
Inventing America: Jefferson's Declaration of Independence, by Wills, rev.,
103.262–264
Invention(s),
87.81, 196, 443,
89.101
Emulation and Invention, by Brooke Hindle, rev., 107.314–316
of endless papermaking machines, 81.391, 393, 396–405, 403r
"'To Encrease the comforts of Life': Charles Willson Peale and the Mechanical Arts," by Sidney Hart, 110.323–357
The Invention of America. An Inquiry into the historical nature of the New World and the meaning of its history, by O'Gorman, rev.,
86.91–92
The Invention of American Political Parties, by Nichols, rev.,
92.251–252
Inventories
of Elizabeth Tatham (1700),
83.255
n, 257
n, 261
n, 266–270
of Edward Farmar (1745),
86.126
of Wm. Logan's Second St. house (1776),
82.401–406
of Samuel Morris (1770),
86.130–131
of Pennsbury Manor
c. 1687, 86.397–398, 402–416
c. 1701, 86.397n, 406n
of Stenton
c. 1751, 82.400n
c. 1776, 82.407–410
of John Tatham (1700),
83.257
n, 261, 265, 266, 268, 269, 270
Inventors,
76.149
Inventors of the Promised Land, by Friedman, rev.,
100.132–133
Investigator (Boston newspaper),
76.154
n
Investment Bankers Association,
96.497
Investment Banking in America, 112.654
Investments
Amer., in Cuba (1857), 86.345
England, in U. S., 86.50, 52, 54, 82, 166, 172, 179, 471
railroads as, 93.218, 219
Invincibles (Irish terrorist group),
95.98
n
"The Invitation," by Wilson (poem),
93.493
Iowa,
85.450
n
Iowa Contracting Company,
100.60
Iran-Contra debate, television's impact on, book on,
122.171–172
Iredell, Judge James,
118.53,
119.67
in trial of John Fries, 103.433, 436, 438, 439
Irelan, H.,
110.453
Ireland,
76.27, 391,
77.332, 383, 415, 417, 437,
78.26,
80.244, 440,
85.289, 297,
86.30–31, 31
n, 34,
87.280, 404,
88.449.
See also Irish in America
and Amer. Civil War, 93.285–287
beef from, 86.399, 400
John Blackwell, Sr., in, 88.129–130
books on, 111.141–143, 587–588
Catholic reform and, 112.408, 410–414, 419–421, 423, 426, 427, 429–431
Catholic revival in, 112.379
censures Presbyterian minister in Phila., 78.6–7
churches and public business in, 77.126
colonies cease exportation to (1775), 85.19n
Cromwell's policy in, 88.129–130
East Jersey proprietors from, 77.252, 253, 264, 273–275, 285, 293
emigration from, 111.167–168
English Quakers in, 79.440–441
and Fenian movement, 95.98–108
First Purchasers of Pa. from, 80.145, 152, 157
independence movement in, 77.125
journal of Wm. Penn in (1669–1670), rev., 77.112–114
lands in, confiscated (1641), 88.137
lands of John Blackwell, Jr., in, 88.129, 130, 136–137, 139, 141
manuscripts relating to Amer. in, rev., 86.507–508
Blair McClenachan entertains at Londonderry (1784), 79.62
Navigation Acts affect trade of, 80.161
needs colonial foodstuffs, 83.142, 144, 145
and New Albion charter, 83.150, 158–159, 165, 166, 169, 176, 177
news of, in American Catholic press, 112.417–420
number of Quakers in (1681), 80.138
Pa. settlers from, 86.122, 131
Penn estates in, 80.144, 161, 87.253n
Penn relics in, 87.416
Penn's journal of visit to, 87.405, 417
persecution of Quakers in, 77.273–276 passim
Phila. exports to (1720–1739), 91.409
Edmund Plowden in, 83.151–152
potato famine of 1846–1847, 95.99
raids of John Paul Jones in, 80.108, 110
reaction to Stamp Act in, 82.16
rebellion in (1641), 88.137
resistance to Act of Union, 80.420n, 430n, 431
soldiers from, in Amer. Rev., 80.93
sympathy for, in Am., 80.420–421, 430–432, 439–441
trade of with colonial Phila., 91.405–406
transportation of traitors from, 79.316
Robert Tyler works for Irish repeal, 79.500
vacant lot cultivation movement in, 79.156n
Wentworth's reforms in, 83.158
Ireland, Owen S.,
107.493,
119.138,
122.39–40, 48, 60, 63,
123.308–309, 369
book rev. by, 107.640–643
Religion, Ethnicity, and Politics: Ratifying the Constitution in Pennsylvania, rev., 120.258–259
Ireland, Robert M.
book rev. by, 115.123–124
"Justice in Pennsylvania: The Nutt-Dukes Tragedy," 113.398–418
Ireton, John,
80.173, 184
Iris (frigate),
79.38
Iris (periodical),
82.157
Irish
in Phila. (1893), 76.47
political power of (Philadelphia), 113.46, 50, 51
in South Philadelphia, 117.292–296, 298, 303–304
urban machine politics and, book on, 114.451–453
Irish, Nathaniel,
91.48,
99.372
Irish Americans,
111.307, 311–314
books on, 111.141–143, 587–588
"Irish and British Quakers and Their American Relief Funds, 1778–1797," by Kenneth L. Carroll,
102.437–456
Irish Brigade,
95.101
Irish Catholics, political and labor activism among,
118.367, 370, 377
Irish Citizen (newspaper),
80.427
Irish colonization,
116.26–27
Irish immigrants,
112.353.
See also Immigrants;
Immigration
Erin's Daughters in America: Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth Century, by Diner, rev., 109.243–244
focus of nativism in Pennsylvania (1850s), 118.331–336, 342, 350–351, 354, 358–360
"Reform, Renewal, and Vindication: Irish Immigrants and the Catholic Total Abstinence Movement in Antebellum Philadelphia," by Edith Jeffrey, 112.407–431
in Wright's Ferry, 120.61–87
Irish immigration,
78.362,
84.12,
91.407–408
1727–1750s, 114.173
1771–1776 and 1791, to Phila., 94.332, 333
of 1840s, 95.99
James Carey on, 94.333n
into Louisiana Territory, Tom Paine on, 123.194
to New Albion, 83.166, 170
to New York, book on, 116.387–388
source of indentured servants, 101.477–478
Irish in America,
82.267,
86.122, 131, 304, 316
n.
See also United Irishmen
antipathy toward England,
80.420, 430–432, 439–441
battle of, at Womelsdorf,
78.363–368
as coal miners,
83.312
collect money for arms for Ireland,
80.431–432
conflict with Italians, in N. Y.,
88.253, 254, 256
emigration of,
80.422
fear Republican Party,
103.198–221
passim
and Fenian movement,
95.98–108
and Germans, in Berks County,
78.362, 364
hostile to African Americans,
103.21, 212, 298
indentured children of,
101.475–486
as miners,
88.255, 482
naturalization of, in Phila., 1789–1806,
94.331–346
petition against Alien Law,
77.124–128
and Phila. riots,
79.230, 493, 502
in Phila., fear emancipation of slaves,
88.295, 360
political preferences of,
101.370, 384, 385
protest transportation as punishment,
80.439
as railroad laborers,
103.375
repeal agitation among,
80.420–421, 427–428
as runaway servants,
101.478
terrorize mining areas of Pa.,
88.482
voting habits of,
89.210,
94.339–346
wages of, as railroad workers (1855),
78.362–363
The Irish in Philadelphia …, by Clark, rev.,
98.404–405
Irish linen,
91.407
Irish Parliament,
89.404
"Irish Philadelphia, St. Joseph's and St. Mary's: The Origins of Catholic Hospitals in Philadelphia," by Gail Farr Casterline,
108.289–314
The Irish Relations: Trials of an Immigrant Tradition, by Dennis Clark, rev.,
106.579–581
Irish Repeal Association,
79.500
n
in Ireland, 80.420n, 431
in N. Y., 80.421
in Phila., 80.420–421, 427–428
Irish Republic, activities in U. S.,
89.344
Irish Volunteers,
112.426
Irish-American Brotherhood,
95.104
Irish-American trade, colonial,
114.303–305
Iron Age, 83.320,
114.491,
120.346
Iron Age, N. Y.,
88.255
Iron bar,
82.40, 433
The Iron Barons, by Ingham, rev.,
102.529–531
"Iron City," Pittsburgh growth,
123.206, 207
Iron Dale,
Bloomsburg Furnaces, 99.102
Iron Foundry,
89.3
Iron in the Pines. The Story of New Jersey's Ghost Towns and Bog Iron, by Pierce, rev.,
82.243–244
Iron industry,
78.456,
99.101–102,
104.170.
See also Ironworks;
Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company
book on,
111.572–573
"Brother Against Brother: The Amalgamated and Sons of Vulcan at the A.M Byers Company, 1907–1913" by Michael W. Santos,
111.195–212
Cambria Iron Works,
83.307–308
of colonial Pa.,
93.17, 18
in England,
93.466
at Hopewell Village, book rev.,
90.540–542
in N. J., rev.,
89.378–379
in Pa.
lockout in (1873–1874), 83.307–326
rev., 79.271
southeastern region, 93.466–486
in Phila.,
104.69
and Walker Tariff,
96.461
n
Iron Millionaire: Life of Charlemagne Tower, by Bridges
letter on review of, 78.137–139
rev., 77.230–231
Iron mills.
See Ironworks
Iron mines, in colonial Pa.,
93.17, 18
Iron Molders' Journal, 83.320, 326,
88.260
n, 285
Iron Molders' Union,
107.451
Iron ore,
77.181,
79.346,
82.82,
83.155,
84.209,
86.406, 413,
88.58, 59, 64, 66,
91.402,
93.21,
99.52
America's Valley Forges and Valley Furnaces, by J. Lawrence Pool, rev., 107.637–639
anthracite process, 98.206–223
inspection of, 78.278
Joshua Gee recommends bounty for, 93.16
prices of, 96.448
production of in Delaware, 93.15
Russian, 96.469
Russian market for, 91.461
smelting of, with anthracite, 96.426
and tariff (1856), 81.285, 287–288
use of, in armaments, 101.289
Ironmasters, employ involuntary labor in colonial Pa.,
93.467
Ironmolders' International Union,
79.167
Ironware, early Amer. rev.,
91.108–109
Ironworkers,
88.26
strike of (1874), 88.255
as strikebreakers (1875), 88.291
Ironworks,
77.290
Cornwall: The People and Culture of an Industrial Camelot, 1880–1980, by Oblinger, rev., 109.253–256
Industrial Evolution: Organization, Structure, and Growth of the Pennsylvania Iron Industry, 1750–1860, by Paskoff, rev., 109.236–237
in N. J., rev., 82.243–244
in Pa., 88.67, 364, 98.68, 69
in York, 116.308–310
The Iroquois in the American Revolution, by Graymont, rev.,
96.396–397
Iroquois Indians,
76.285, 419, 426, 430, 436, 437,
77.311,
78.324, 326, 336, 433, 440, 445,
79.441,
80.112,
81.177, 182, 185, 382,
84.161,
85.18
n, 86.116,
89.176, 181,
93.174,
116.34.
See also Cayuga Indians;
Mingo Indians;
Mohawk Indians;
Ohio Indians;
Oneida Indians;
Onondaga Indians;
Seneca Indians;
Tuscarora Indians
ally with Pa.,
89.188
The Ambiguous Iroquois Empire: The Covenant Chain Confederation of Indian Tribes with English Colonies from Its Beginning to the Lancaster Treaty of 1744, by Jennings, rev.,
109.84–85
books on,
113.452–454,
117.247–248,
118.409–410
cede land, by treaty,
84.266–267, 306, 313–314
Confederacy of,
76.412–413
conferences with (1790s),
88.398, 401
Geo. Croghan seeks to neutralize,
85.145–153, 158
defeated Susquehannocks,
100.152
deny Delaware land ownership,
89.190–191
diplomacy of,
89.187, 189
disgrace Teedyuscung,
81.189
the dream, divinity of,
84.297
n
hegemony weakened by western migrations,
89.195
land claims of,
89.185
land grants
to Geo. Croghan, 85.41, 145
to Indiana Company, 77.159
to Suffering Traders (1768), 85.40, 43, 44, 45
land sovereignty,
85.46
language of,
100.149, 157
League authority of,
84.298
n–299
n
maintain friendship for English,
85.149, 150, 153, 154, 155, 158
manners and customs of,
77.315–327
matriarchal society,
84.311
n
neutrality of, in Amer. Rev.,
84.299
n, 2690
and peace negotiations with British (1758),
87.308, 316–317, 322, 323
Penn tries to buy land from,
80.243
n
population of,
76.412
and raids on southern Indians,
84.449
n
receipt for Penn land purchase (1769),
87.418
seek new boundary with U.S. (1794),
84.268, 307
n
and Shawnees,
85.131, 142, 149–155
speech to Lord Dunmore,
85.142, 149–155, 154131
support British, in Amer. Rev.,
84.269, 269
n, 299
n
visit Stenton (1736),
89.184
in Western Pennsylvania,
116.33–58
Iroquois Main Road,
76.436
Iroquois military, book on,
122.302–304
Irrigation,
85.188
of fields at Andalusia, 101.5
use of, by Pa. Germans, 83.210–211
Irvin, E.,
107.638
Irvin, Edward A.,
97.337
Irvine, Baptis,
94.38, 48, 52
Irvine, Gen. Callender,
91.302,
104.5
Irvine, James,
106.170, 179,
117.314–316, 317, 318–320, 327, 328, 329
Irvine, Col. Jared,
91.319
Irvine, Pa.,
84.298
n, 440
n
Irvine, Robert,
80.60
Irvine, Gen. William,
81.381,
84.298
n, 304
n, 106.470–472, 474,
116.65, 66,
122.420
testimonial on Christopher Ludwick, 81.386
The Irvine Story, by Wainwright, rev.,
89.133–134
Irving, Thomas, on colonial Amer. tonnage figures,
90.231, 232
Irving, Washington,
77.332, 347,
82.177
n, 92.203,
93.399, 515,
98.8,
102.296,
103.43, 45,
104.62,
114.428–429
book rev., 90.133–135
book on, 112.289–290
Irving College (Irving Female College),
83.54
Irving Literary Institute, Phila.,
77.201
Irwin, —,
81.17
Irwin, Pastor,
79.64
n
Irwin, Agnes (1841–1914),
102.294, 306, 307, 320
Irwin, Elizabeth,
98.242
n
Irwin, Ellis,
104.356
Irwin, George,
114.187
Irwin, Martha,
92.447, 448
Irwin, Mary,
102.272
Irwin, Matthew,
122.193, 195, 196–197, 199, 200
Irwin, Matthew, & Co.,
79.40
n
Irwin, Rev. Nathaniel, divorce of,
92.447, 448, 450
Irwin, Ray W.,
Daniel D. Tompkins..., rev.,
93.436–437
Irwin, Robert,
91.26
Irwin, William Wallace,
87.386
n
"Is the World Governed Too Much?" by Michael H. Frisch,
105.203–213
Isaac, Rhys,
108.369,
110.308,
113.90,
114.286,
117.242,
119.132,
122.421–422,
123.393
The Transformation of Virginia, 1740–1790, rev., 106.569–571
Isaac Collins, A Quaker Printer in 18th Century America, by Hixson, rev.,
93.545–547
Isaac Hicks, New York Merchant and Quaker, 1767–1820, by Davison, rev.,
88.371–373
Isaac Newton (steamboat),
86.70
"Isaac Norris II's Attack on Andrew Hamilton," by Katherine D. Carter,
104.139–161
Isabella (ship),
86.147
Iselin, Lewis,
95.523
n
Iselin family,
122.321
Isely, Jeter A., book rev. by,
76.356–357
Isenberg, Michael T.,
John L. Sullivan and His America, rev.,
113.662–664
Iserloan, Casper,
92.463
Isherwood, B. F.,
83.438, 443, 444
Isichei, Elizabeth,
History of the Igbo People, 112.440
Isis (naval ship),
96.330, 333, 337, 338, 340
Isis (ship),
80.93
Islam, in civil rights movement,
117.110
Isle of France,
76.301
Isle of Man,
78.10
Isle of Ré,
89.53, 54
n
Isolationism,
93.180, 184, 188
of Democratic Republicans, 82.297
and Washington's Farewell Address, 94.183
Israel, Abraham Michael, pseudonym of Warder Cresson,
95.169
Israel, Israel,
94.338
n, 345
Israel, John
appointed to public office, 91.49
biographical sketch of, 91.46–55
death of, 91.55
Israel, Michael Boaz, pseudonym of Warder Cresson,
95.165
n, 172
Israel, Samuel,
91.320
Issel, William
book revs. by, 102.394–395, 103.404–406
"Modernization in Philadelphia School Reform, 1882–1905," 94.358–383
"The Politics of Public School Reform in Pennsylvania, 1880–1911," 102.59–92
Isserman, Maurice,
If I Had a Hammer... The Death of the Old Left and the Birth of the New Left, rev.,
113.130–131
Italian immigrants
as coal miners, 123.130
conflict with Irish, in N. Y., 88.253, 254, 256
as miners, 122.327
in N. Y., 88.253–255, 256, 260
in Phila., 99.22
stereotype of, 88.253–254, 255, 259, 260, 288
as strikebreakers, in western Pa. coal mines (1874–1875), 88.251–293
upward mobility of, 119.141–142
used as strikebreakers, 88.253, 254, 255, 256, 277, 287
Italian immigration, book on,
123.258–259.
See also Immigrants;
Immigration
Italian language,
96.472
Italian opera, in N. Y. City,
103.99
Italian Opera Company,
90.451
Italian paintings,
97.141
Italians
in Phila.
Americanization of, 90.464–465
artists, 90.449
c. 1893, 76.47, 54
centers of population of, 90.463
churches of, 90.452, 459, 460
concerts of, 90.447
doctors, 90.449
laborers, 90.449, 454, 455, 456
merchants, 90.447
musicians, 90.446, 447
naturalization of, 90.463
occupations of, 90.462, 463
opera of, 90.451, 453
padrone system of, 90.454, 455
painters, 90.451
peddlers, 90.452, 454
political power of, 113.46, 64
pop. of, 90.445, 446, 451, 463
priests, 90.446
religion of, 90.459–460
in South Philadelphia, 90.450
tenements of, 90.461, 462
and union organization, 90.459
voting activity of, 117.251–285
Waldensians, 90.446
in the Poconos,
115.491
Italy,
77.182, 184, 186, 192,
80.466, 473, 504
n, 88.444
Americans in, 1800–1860, rev., 89.505–507
diplomats of, and immigrant miners, 88.267, 274, 274n, 280, 287
immigrants from, 102.62, 66
papal hospice in, 82.188n
travels to, 120.218–224
Benj. West in, 102.3–26
ITE,
116.448
Ithell, John,
89.419
Iturbide, Emperor,
103.92
Ivers, Larry E.,
British Drums on the Southern Frontier, rev.,
98.518–520
Iverson, Alfred,
117.111–112
Iverson (Iwarsson), Hendrich,
83.94
Ivory, African trade in,
92.472
Ivory, George,
106.158
Ivory, Mathew,
106.158
Ivory, Percy V. E.,
80.352
Ivory Coast (Africa),
92.471, 473
Ivorytypes,
97.486, 491, 503, 504, 506, 508
Ivy League, "What Price Victory? What Price Honor? Pennsylvania and the Formation of the Ivy League, 1950–1952," by David L. Goldberg,
112.227–248
Iwanicki, Edwin, "The Village of Falls of Schuylkill,"
91.326–341
IWW.
See Industrial Workers of the World
Izard, Lt. ,
79.495
Izard, Alice,
103.224
Izard, Mr. and Mrs. Allen
poverty of, 89.363
visit Alverthorpe, 89.360
Izard, Allen Smith,
88.206
n
Izard, Emma M. Huger (Mrs. Allen Smith Izard),
88.206, 206
n
Izard, Gen. George,
100.347
Izard, Lt. R. D.,
79.495
n
Izard, Ralph,
77.388, 389, 390, 393, 395,
87.187
n, 92.225,
100.319, 322, 325, 327,
101.433, 439,
120.375,
123.62
Izard, Mrs. Ralph,
103.227
Izerda, Stanley J., ed.,
Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution, vol. 1, rev.,
102.509–510